Text A The Moral Equivalent of War（第3页）

15。nowinposse，nowientiallyoriy

16。HomerLea:（1876-1912）Ameriturer，autheopoliticalstrategist。HeistodaybestknownforhisihesereformaiosiweuryandasacloseadvisortoDr。SunYat-senduringthe1911eseRepublirevolutioheQingDynasty，andfsaboutdgeopolitics。

17。SebaldRudolfSteiz:（1862-1940）Dutchsociologist

18。SimonPatten:（1852-1922）eistandchairoftheWhartonSchoolofBusiheUyofPennsylvania。Pattehefirsteiststopositashiftfroman“eicsofscarcity”toan“eidais，hebelievedthatsoontherewouldbeeosatisfypeople’sbasidthattheeywouldshiftfromanemphasisonproduption。

19。LowesDi:（1862-1932）Englishhistorianandpoliticaladnotedpacifist

2reat:（1712-1786）kingofPrussiafrom1740to1786whhtPrussiamilitaryprestigebywiheAustrianSuandtheSevenYears’>

21。H。G。Wells:（1866-1946）Englishwriterbestknownforhissnovels;healsowroteonporarysosandpopularatsofhistoryandsce。

&onStanley:（1841-1904）WelshjournalistandexplorerfamousforhisexploratioralAfridhissearissionaryandexplorerDavidLivingstone。Heohesavageosforce，power，boldness，andde”。

&ionsf

1。Ifawarisfoughtbecauseeitherofgloryorofshame，youthinkofanywarsinhistorythatwererelatedtothet>

2。“Historyisabathofblood，”theauthordesd“theGreekmihestory”。Isithumaoenjoyfightingandkilling?Ifnot，thenwhydolotsofpeoplelikewargamesorwarmovies?

3。InthePeloponnesiahenianssaid，“Thepowerfulexactwhattheydtheweakgrantwhattheymust。”Whatlessonswelearnfromthiscept?

4。Jamesreferredtowaras“thegoryraioess”。ThiioheunistPartyaionalistPartydurii-JapaneseWar。Whatmadebothsidesetogether?

5。Iarethehigheraspeilitaristit?

6。Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“thereishinkthatwomengerbethemothersofNapoleonicorAlexandriancharacters”?

7。Howmuchtruthdoyouthihestatement“Mankindwasnursedinpainandfear”?

8。Ifacivilizedpowerfultryshouldsolvetheirproblemsbyfightingagaiharies，whatshouldtheweakertriesdowiththeirownproblems?

&horsays，“Purelootandmasteryseemnolongermorallyavowablemotives，abefoundfthemsolelytotheehinkaboutsomewarsiory，especiallythosestartedbytheU。S。A。andfindoutsomepossibleexcusesforthe>

10。Militaristauthardwarasabioliecessity，apermahumanobligation。Howwouldyourespondtosuchviews?

12。“Nations，GeneralLeasays，areionecessarilyexpandorshrink，agtotheirvitalityordecrepitude。”Ifthisstatemewelearnfromit?youthinkofaherinhistoryorfromtheortthisopinion?

After-readingAssig

OralWork

&Hitlerandfindouthowhebecameafascistleaderinfavorofwar。Shareysahyourclassmates。

2。Withmaterialsfromhistorybooksac。，wroupsoffourandexformationabouttheRomasiheworld。

3。Workwithyourpartneraheideathatwarmaybeatransitoryphenomenoniion。Willtherebesuchadayfinallyillbe?Whyorwhyheresultsofyouranalysistoyourclass。

4。Wroupsoffouraostateleaders’thoughtsonwars。Differentgroupsmaybeiesoiheneachgroupchoosesaspokespersohegroup’sfindingsahergroups。

5。Preparealistof“martialvirtues”andalistof“non-martialvirtues”。Exgethemwithyourclassmatesanddisaydrawfromthemforourownuse。

WrittenWork

1。Warsinhistoryfarandnearhavecauseddevastationtohumancivilization。ductareseartotheworld’slossesofvaluablepropertiescausedbywar。Writeabriefreportsandtellhowyoufeelaboutsuchlosses。

2。InParagraph19，theauthordiscussesthetwo“unwillingnesses”。Doyousharesimilarfeelings?Writeajournaldesgyourrespohetwo“unwillingnesses”andexplainwhyorwhyhesameunwillingnesses。

3。Somegoverocreatepotentialenemiesabroadioevadeirouble。Doestheactofgettinginvolvedinaflictorwarabroadbeiieicalessayofabout400wordsstatingyourviews。

4。“Iyisalwayswithus，andmercilesssofitisthekey-hemilitarytemper。”Egsutimentisaeseidiomthatgoessomethinglike“ofshame”，or“tapersonwiththreatofdeathandhewillfighttolive”。Prepareanessayofabout400wordsjustifyingthisidiom，especiallyforpeacetimes。