郁金香 Tulips(第1页)
郁金香Tulips
[英国]约瑟夫·艾迪生JosephAddison
约瑟夫·艾迪生(1672-1719),英国著名作家,1672年生于英国一个乡村牧师家庭,后受教于牛津大学,并于1693年获得硕士学位。从1708年开始,艾迪生先后担任过议会议员,国务大臣助理,英国驻爱尔兰总督秘书等职。后曾为理查德,斯帝尔主编的《闲话报》撰写文章。1711年,他与斯帝尔合作创办报纸《旁观者》并担任主编。他的散文文风优美,文笔流畅,亲切通俗,主题明晰,对以后的散文作家有很大的影响。
Icedtoriseveryearlyoiingthissummer,andtookawalkirytodivertmyselfamongthefieldsandmeadows,whilethegreeheflowersintheirbloom。Asatthisseasonoftheyeareverylaifulwalk,andeveryhedgefullofnosegays,Ilostmyself,withagreatdealseveralthidbushesthatwerefilledwithagreatvarietyofbirds,andanagreeableofnotes,whiedthepleasahewordtooneassedawholewinterinnoiseahefreshhedeaboutme,withthecoolbreath,whispiredthebirdswithsomafulinstiedihesamekindofanimalpleasure,aoverflowwithsuchsecretemotionsofjoyandsatisfaasarenottobedescribedoratedfor。OnthisoIotbutrefleabeautifulsimileinMilton:
Asonewholonginpopuloust;
&hidsewersannoytheair;
Forthissuingonasummer'smorhe
Amovillagesandfarms
Adjoin'd,fromeagmetceiveddelight:
Thesmellofgrain,rass,orkine,
Ordairy,eachruralsight,eachruralsound。
Thosewhoaretiingsofpoliteauthorsreadditiofromthetry,asitrevivesihdess,withwhichsuchauthorsdofrequentlyabound。
IwasthinkingbeautifulsimileinMilton,andapplyingittomyself,whehewindwardofmeablackcloud,fallihinlongtrailsofrain,whichmademebetakemyselfforsheltertoahousesawatalittledistaheplacealking。AsIsatintheporch,Iheardthevoicesoftwoorthreepersons,whoseemedveryearindisycuriositywasraisedwhehenamesofAlexaandArtaxerxes;aalkseemedtoruheroes,Icludedthereotbea;forwhithoughtImightveryfairlylistentowhattheysaid。
Afterseveralparallelsbetweemen,earedtomealtroundlessandchimerical,IrisedtohearohathevaluedtheBlacemorethantheDukeofVenoms。HowtheDukeofVendosmeshouldbeearivalofBlace,I'tdwasmorestartledwhenIheardase,withgreatvehemeiftheEmperermanywasnotgoingoff,heshouldlikehimbetterthahem。Headded,thatthoughtheseasonwassogeable,theDukehwasinbloomiy。Iwaswtomyselffromwheheyhadreceivedthisoddintelligence:especiallywhehemmentionthenamesofseveralenerals,asthePriheKingofSweden,who,theysaid,werebaway。Towhichtheyadded,whatIentirelyagreedwiththemin,thattheofFrancewasveryweak,butthattheMarshalVillarsstillkepthiscolors。Atlast,ohepany,iftheywouldgoalongwithhim,hewouldshowthemaey-saintedladyinthesamebed,ouldverymuchpleasethem。Theshowerwhichhaddriventhemaswellasmyselfintothehouse,wasnowover;andastheywerepassihegardeoletmebeoheirpany。
&lemaoldme,ifIdelightedihile;forthathebelievedheesuchablowoftulipsaswasthewholetry。
Iacceptedtheoffer,aelyfoundthattheyhadbeentalkinginterms,andthatthekiheyhadmentionedwereonlysomanytulips,towhichthegardeners,agtotheirusual,hadgivensuchhightitlesaionsofhonor。
Iwasverymuchpleasedandastohegloriousshowofthesegayvegetables,thataroseiprofusiononallthebanksaboutus。SometimesIsideredeveryleafasaepieceoftissue,inwhichthethreadsandfiberswerewoveodifferentfigurations,whichgaveadifferentgtothelightasitglaheseveralpartsofthesurfaesIsideredthewholebedoftulips,agtothenotiomathematidphilosopherthateverlived,asamultitudeofoptistruments,desigheseparatinglightintoallthosevariouscolorsofwhichitisposed。
Iwasawakehesemyphilosophicalspes,bytheedtolaughatme。Iatallypraisedatulipasoeversaw;uponwhie,itwasaonFool'sthatIpraisedanother,whichitseemswasbutanotherkindofFool'sCoat。
Ihadthesamefatewithtwoorthreemore,forwhiIdesiredtheardemeknoerethefiheflower;forthatIwassounskillfulihatIthoughtthemostbeautifulwerethemostvaluable,andthatthosewhichhadthegayestcolourswerethemostbeautiful。Thegentlemamyignorance。Heseemedaveryplaiman,andapersonofgoodsehisheadbeehatdistemperwhichHippocratescallstheTulippomania;insomuchthathewouldtalkveryrationallyonaheworldbutatulip。
&oldme,thathevaluedthebedofflowerswhichlaybeforeus,andwasyyardsihandtwoih,morethahebesthundredacresoflandinEngland,aitwouldhavebeenworthtwieyitis,ifafoolishaidofhishadnotalmostruinedhimiwinter,bymistakingahandfuloftuliprootsforaheapofonions,and“bythatmeans,”sayshe,“mademeadishofpottagethateabovethousandp。”Hethehethoughtthefiofhistulips,whidreceivedalltheirvaluefromtheirrarity,andoddness,andputmeinmindreatfortunes,whiotalwaysthegreatestbeauties。
IhaveofteasapieceofhappiIhaveneverfallenintoaasticaltastes,hingthemoreforitsbeingtheunonandhardtobemetwith,ForthisreasonIlookuponthewholespringtimeasaspaciousgarden,andmakeasmanyvisitstoaspotofdaisiesorabankofviolets,asafloristdoestohisbordersorparterres。Thereisnotabushinblossomwithinamileofme,whiotatedwith,norscarceadaffodilofcowslipthatwithersawayinmyneighborhoodwithoutmymissingit,Iwalkedhomeinthistemperofmindthroughseveralfieldsahandunspeakablepleasure,notwithoyofProvidencewhichhasmadethemostpleasingaifulobjectsthemostordinaryandmoston。
今年夏天的一个清晨,我碰巧起得很早。于是,便跑去乡间散步,希望能在绿草丛中和田野间得到一份安逸。夏天,正是绿草芬芳、百花绽放的季节。每年一到这个时节,任何一条小路都是一片美妙的景色,任何一道篱笆上都点缀着鲜花。四周满是丛生的灌木,我快乐地沉浸在鸟儿委婉动听的歌唱声中。我已经在嘈杂和浓烟中熬过了整整一个冬天,眼前的景色可谓是人间仙境。清新的露水洒落在世间万物上(包括我),还有那清爽宜人的清晨空气,周围的一切不但让鸟儿焕发出欢快的本性,也让我感到丝丝喜悦,内心深处充溢着一种神秘的、无以言表的满足与快乐。在这样的情景下,我总是不由地想起弥尔顿诗行中那个精妙的比喻:
犹如长久禁锢于躁动的市井之人,
择夏日的一个清晨,步出城墙,
步出林立的房屋,步出水天污浊,
吐纳于宜人的田间村舍。
乡间万物孕育着乐趣,
谷物、干草、黄牛、牛乳的气息,
每一处农家美景,每一处乡间乐赋。
那些熟悉这些名人佳作的人,在他们的脑海里总能浮现名人笔下反复出现的娇媚景色,因此他们更能从乡间美景中获得一份意外的乐趣。
正当我独自品味着弥尔顿的诗句时,忽然发现迎面飘来一团乌云,刹那间绵长的雨丝急坠而下。我赶忙起身,举目四望,向不远处的一座农舍跑去。当我坐在门廊中时,听到两三个人谈话的声音,他们似乎正在十分认真地争论着什么。听他们提到亚历山大大帝和阿塔克西斯的名字,我的好奇心立即被吸引了出来。因为他们争论的好像是古代英雄和伟人,我想里面应该不会有任何秘密。想到这儿,我想或许可以仔细地听一下他们的谈话。
他们先是比较了几个伟人。在我看来,这种比较根本毫无根据,纯属虚构。我十分诧异地听到其中一个人说,他认为黑色王子远比旺多姆公爵好得多。旺多姆公爵和黑色王子怎么能做比较呢?我感到非常不解。然后,我又听到第二个人斩钉截铁地说,如果德国皇帝不退位的话,那么他就最推崇德国皇帝。听到这里,我更是惊叹不已。这个人又补充说,尽管岁月如流水,但马尔伯勒公爵始终是风流倜傥。他们从哪里知道的这些谬论,我绞尽脑汁也想不明白。还有比这更荒谬的:他们还谈到了几位将军,其中就有黑森王子和瑞典国王。他们说这两个人现在正在逃亡中。后来他们所说的,我是完全同意的。他们提到法国国王身体虚弱,维拉尔元帅却仍旧精神饱满。最后,他们当中的一个人说,如果大家同意跟他一起去,他会叫他们看到一个扫烟囱的人和一个美丽的少女“同床共枕”。他确信,这样的场景一定会令大家非常开心。我和他们都是跑到这家农舍来避雨的,此时大雨已经停了。当他们从我身旁经过,朝花园走去的时候,我便要求加入到他们的队伍之中。
农舍的主人对我说,如果我对花感兴趣的话,很值得去花园看一看。因为他相信,他让我看的那片郁金香,在全国都找不出可以与之媲美的。