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第3章 秦始皇在位时的两大奇迹工程 长城和秦始皇陵(第1页)

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一、万里长城:军事防御与统一象征为何要修建长城秦始皇在公元前221年统一六国后,面对北方匈奴等游牧民族的侵扰和边疆不稳的问题,决定采取一系列巩固边防的措施。他下令连接和修缮原有的各国长城,并在此基础上建立起规模空前的防御体系,史称“万里长城”。从战略角度看,长城的主要功能是作为军事防线,防止北方骑兵快速南下对中原地区的侵袭。它不仅是一道物理屏障,也是预警系统的一部分,通过烽火台传递信息,迅速调动兵力抵御外敌。孟姜女哭长城"孟姜女哭长城"是中国古代着名的民间传说,故事讲述了秦朝时期的一段悲壮的爱情传奇。以下是该故事的主要情节:在秦始皇统治时期,为了防御北方的外敌侵扰,秦朝开始修建长城,劳役繁重,无数百姓被迫离开家乡,前往北方参与长城的建设工作。在这个背景下,故事主角孟姜女(原名孟姜)与范喜良相遇。有一天,孟姜女在自家院中发现躲避官府追捕的逃难者范喜良,得知他是因逃避修筑长城的苦役而来。孟姜女心生怜悯,将其藏匿并照顾,两人日久生情,结为夫妻。但好景不长,新婚不久的范喜良被官差抓走,送往北方参与长城修建。孟姜女万分挂念丈夫,决定长途跋涉寻找范喜良。她历经艰辛终于到达了长城工地,却得知范喜良因劳累过度已不幸去世,并被埋在长城之下。孟姜女极度悲痛,在长城脚下放声痛哭,其情感动天地,据说她的哭声竟然使得一段长城倒塌,显露出范喜良的尸骨。这个故事反映了古代社会底层人民遭受苛政之苦以及对美好爱情的向往和坚守,成为中国四大民间爱情传说之一,流传至今,具有非常高的文化和历史价值。同时,故事也说明了古代劳动人民对封建暴政的控诉和对人道主义精神的呼唤。二、秦始皇陵:地下王国与永恒追求陵墓为何如此神秘秦始皇陵位于陕西省西安市临潼区,是中国历史上规模最大、结构最复杂的一座帝王陵墓。其神秘性主要体现在以下几个方面:规模宏大:秦始皇陵占地约5625平方公里,核心部分包括封土堆(即地面可见的陵丘)和地宫两大部分。封土堆高76米,底边周长2000多米,而地宫深藏地下,据推测其面积远超已发现的兵马俑坑。陪葬珍宝与兵马俑:秦始皇陵的陪葬品丰富且珍贵,其中最为人所知的是兵马俑,被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。这些栩栩如生的陶俑及战马生动再现了秦代军队的壮观景象,展示了当时高超的手工艺水平和军事组织形态。防盗设计与机关传说:根据《史记》记载,秦始皇陵内部布设有复杂的机关陷阱,如水银江河模拟天下的地理布局,以及暗弩飞矢等防盗设施。虽未经现代考古证实,但此类传说加深了人们对秦始皇陵神秘莫测的印象。尚未开启的地宫:尽管历经数十年的发掘研究,秦始皇陵的核心区域——地宫至今未被打开,这与其保护文物、科技手段限制等因素有关。地宫中可能保存着秦始皇的棺椁、遗体以及其他更为重要的历史遗迹,引发了世人无尽的想象与好奇。求仙药与永生观念:秦始皇痴迷于长生不老,曾派徐福东渡寻求仙药。有学者认为,秦始皇陵的设计与建造或许也体现了他对死后世界的构想,企望在另一个维度延续他的统治。综上所述,秦始皇时期的两大奇迹工程——长城与秦始皇陵,分别代表了他在世时对国家安全的重视与对身后荣光的追求。长城为巩固统一,抵御外侮;秦始皇陵则是其权力与财富的缩影,承载着对永生不死的执着梦想。这两项工程都以其宏大的规模、精巧的设计以及深远的历史影响,成为中华民族乃至全人类宝贵的文化遗产。:()古代历史着名人物

章节目录

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