CHAPTER X SUGGESTIONS（第1页）

CHAPTERXSUGGESTIONS

HohattoWrite—CorregandSpeakers

Rulesofgrammaraoodintheirowheirlawsmustbeobservedihtsaherightwaysothattheyshallveyadeterminatesenseandmeaninginapleasingaablemanner。Hardandfastrules，however，evermakeawriterorauthor。

ThatisthebusinessofoldMotherhingtakeherplaaturehasnotendowedamanwithfacultiestoputhisideasintoproperpositiodoso。Hemayhavehythereg。Ifapersonhasnotathoughttoexpress，itotbeexpressed。Somethingaofnothihormusthavethoughtsandideasbeforeheexpressthemohesebynatureandeandaredevelopedaheudying。

ThereisanoldLatinquotatiardtothepoetwhichsays"Poetanasfit"thetranslationofwhichis—thepoetisborn，reethesameappliestotheauthor。Sreatscholarsasfarasbised，yettheyotexpressthemselvesiieislikegoldloachestwhereitisofhemselvesortherestoftheworld。

&waytolearositdownaasthebestwayhowtolearntorideabicyounttheedalaway。Writefirstaboutonthiarefamiliartoyou。Tryforinstanessayonacat。Saysomethinginalabouther。Don'tsay"sheisveryplayfulwhenyoungbutbeesgraveasshegrowsold。"Thathasbeensaidmorethanfiftythousandtimesbefore。

&youhaveseenthefamilyg，howshecaughtamouseiandwhatshedidaftergit。Familiarthemesarealwaysthebestfinner。Don'tattempttodescribeasAustraliaifyouhavehereandknownothiry。forsubjects，therearethousandsaroundyou。Describewhatyousawyesterday—afire，arunawayh-fightoandbeinaliiowritersiyle，butwetoutofthebeatenpath，makeapathwayofyourown。

Knoriteabout，writeaboutwhatyouknow?thisisagoldeowhiustadhere。Toknowyoumuststudy。Theenbookinwhiayread。Natureisovolumethepagesofeaswellastothepeer。StudyNature'smoodsaheyarevastlymoreimportantthahegrammar。Bismostdesirable，but，afterall，itisonlytheoryandnotpractice。ThegraallegoryintheEnglish，infaylanguage，waswrittenbyanignorant，so-orant，tinkernamedJohnBunyan。Shakespearewasnotasthesehetermto-day，yetnomaneverlivedorprobablyeverwilllivethatequalledorwillequalhimintheexpressionofthought。Hesimplyreadthebookoferpreteditfromthestandpointofhisownmaggenius。

Don'timagiacollegeeduisosuccessasawriter。Farfromit。Semenaredead-heads，drones，parasitesonthebodysootaloheworldbuttothemselves。Apersonmaybesoorheisvaluelessfromaandpoint。Asagealthilepurpose。Amanmayknowsomuchthatheknowslittleofanything。Thismaysoundparadoxical，but，heless，experieruth。

Ifyouarepoorthatisbutanadvayisaoeadrawback。Bettertobebornwithagbrainihanooninyourmouth。Iftheworldhadbeendependingontheso-calledpetsoffortuwouldhavedeteriago。

Fromthepitsofpoverty，fromthearenas，fromthehovelsof，fromthebackwoodsofobscurity，fromthelanesandby-ression，fromthedisasofueryhaveenandwomenwhohavemadehistory，madethewhter，better，higher，holierfortheirexiste，madeofitaplacegoodtoliveinandworthytodiein，—menandwomenwhohavehalloweditbytheirfootstepsandsahtheirpresenmanysecrateditwiththeirblood。Povertyisablessing，notanevil，abenisoher'shaherightspirit。Iarding，ithaselevatedliteratureinallages。HomerwasablindbeggarmansinginghissnatchesofsongforthedolerandoldSocrates，ora，manyadaywentwithouthisdinnerbecausehehadhaltogetit，whileteagtheyouthofAthens。Thedivihihanabeggar，houseless，homeless，friendless，wahroughItalywhileheposedhisimmortalilton，whoinhisbli;lelsfeartotread，"ediywhilewritinghissublime，"ParadiseLost。"ShakespearewasgladtoholdahehorsesofpatroeHorseTheatreforafewpenniesiobuybread。Burnsburstforthinnever-dyingsongwhileguidingtheploughshare。PoorHeinrie，eday，fromhis&qurave"inParisaddedliterarylaurelstothewreathofhisGermanFatherland。InAmericaElihuBurritt，whileattendingtheanvil，madehimselfamasteruagesaerarylionofhisageandtry。

Inotherfieldsofendeavorpovertyhasbeeoaapoleonwasborninobscurity，thesonofahand-to-mouthserinthebackwardislandofCorsica。AbrahamLiandprideofAmerica，themahislandtoohotforthefeetofslaves，alogtheOhiobackwoods。SodidJamesA。Garfield。UlyssesGraanyardtobeetheworld&#ehomasA。Edisonenewsboyonarail

Theexamplesofthesemeoa。Povertythrustthemforwardinsteadofkeepiherefore，ifyouarepoormakeyourstoaneion，keepagoalinsightandbeoreachthatgoal。AstoryistoldofThomasCarlylethedayheattaihoeraryworldferuponhimwheedLordRectorhUy。Afterhisinstallationspeeghthehalls，hemetastudentseemiudy。Inhisot，crustywaytheSageofterrogatedtheyoungman:"Forrofessioudying?""Idon'tknow，"returh。"Youdon'tknow，"thunderedCarlyle，"youngman，youareafool。"Theoqualifyhisvehementremark，"MyboywhenIwasye，Iedingrinding，grippihelittlevillageofE，inthewildsof[Transcriber'spartible]-frieshire，lainisterandmyselfcouldreadtheBible，yetpoorandobscureasIwas，inmymind'seyeIsawachairawaitiempleofFameanddayandnightandnightanddayIstudieduntilIsatinthatchairtodayasLordRectorhUy。"

A，RobertBu，thefamousoutforLowwithbuthalf-a-hispocket。&quoes，"saidhe，&quraveierAbbey。"Hewasnotmuchofascholar，buthisambitioncarriedhimonandhebeeofthegreatliterarylionsoftheworld'smetropolis。

&anleyoorhousewaifwhoserealnamewasJohnRowlands。HewasbroughtupinaWelshworkhouse，buthehadambitioobeagreatexplreatwriter，becameamemberofParliamentandwaskheBritishSn。

&iontosudyouwillsucceed。Cuttheword"failure"outofyourlexi'taowledgeit。Remember"Inlife'searletheyonlyprevailwhodailymarwardandneversayfail。"

&aterbebutasteppihepathresstothegoalofsuccess。

Ifuntowardcessurrouoover。Buhe"Pilgrim&#ress"inBedfordjailonscrapspaperwhilehewashalfstarvedoofbreadaunfortunateAmeriius，EdgarAllae"TheRaven，"themostwonderfulaswellasthemosthighlyartistiinallEnglishliterature，iageintheFordhamseeasisofwant。Throughoutallhisshortandwonderfullybrilliantcareer，poorPoeneverhadadollarhecouldcallhisown。Such，however，wasbothhisfaultandhismisfortuneandheisabadexemplar。

Don'tthinkthattheknowledgeofalibraryofbooksisessentialtosuccessasawriter。Oftenamultiplicityofbooksisg。Masterafewgoodbooksahemwellandyouwillhaveallthatisnecessary。Agreatauthorityhassaid:"Bewareofthemanofonebook，"whisthatamanofonebookisamasterofthecraft。ItisclaimedthatathhkheBiblealoneersoerature。itisthattheBibleandShakespearestituteaheessentialsofknowledge。Shakespearegatheredthefruitageofallwhowentbeforehim，hehassowntheseedsforallwhoshallevereafterhim。Hewasthegreatiualowhosewavestoutisofallthought。

Booksareow-a-days，thegreatestworks，thaingpress，arewithinthereachofall，andthemoreyouread，thebetter，providedtheyarew。Sometimesamantakespoisonintohissystemunsciousofthefactthatitispoison，asiainfoods，anditisveryhardtothrowoffitseffects。Therefore，beyourchmatter。Ifyouotaffordafulllibrary，andashasbeensaid，suotnecessary，selectafewofthegreatworksofthemasterminds，assimilateahem，sothattheywillbeofadvaoyourliterarysystem。Elsewhereinthisvolumeisgivenalistofsomeoftheworld'smasterpiewhiakeasele。

Yourbrainisastorehouse，don'tputuselessfurtocrowdittotheexofwhatisuseful。Layuponlythevaluableandservidwhitorequisitionata。

Asitisostudythebestauthorsiobeawriter，soitisostudythebestspeakersialkwithessandingoodstyle。Thtlyyoumustimitatethemastersoforalspeetothebestversationalistsandhowtheyexpressthemselves。Gotoheartheleadiures，speedsermoatethegesturesofelo，itis，thatmakestheeloistaor。Itisnothoresseshimselfbutthelanguagewhichheusesandthemasusewhichshouldiyou。Haveyouheardthepresentdaymastersofspeech?Therehavebeenpasttimemastersbuttheirtoillediofthegrave，andyoulyreadtheireloquenow。You，however，listentothecharmoftheliving。

Tomanyofusvoicesstillspeakfromthegrave，voicestowhichwehavelistenedwhehedivineessenceofspeech。PerhapsyouhavehungtureonthewordsofBeedTalmage。Boththrilledthesoulsofmenandwohousaoalivihweremastersofwords，theyscatteredtheflowersofrhetoritheshrineofeloquendhurledveritablebouquetsattheiraudienceswhichwereeagerlyseizedbythelatterandtreasurediorehouseofmemory。Bothweresdphilosophers，yettheyassedbySpurgeon，aplainmanofthepeoplewithlittleornoclaimtoeduthemoderheweonbyhisspeechattractedthousandstohisTaberantandCatholic，Turk，JewandMohammedaohearhimaraohislanguage。SuhtL。Moody，thegreatestEvaheworldhaseverknown。Moodywasnotaman?heencedlifeasashoesalesmaninChicago，yetnomaneverlivedwhodrewsudsofasatedthemwiththespellofhisspeech。"Oh，thatersoism，"youwillsay，butitwasnothiwastheburningwordsthatfellfromthelipsofthesemehemaheforcewithwhichtheyusedthosewordsthatdattractedthecrowdstolistenuntothem。Persoismorpersonalappearaasfatotheirsudeedasfarasphysiquewereed，someofthemed。Spurgeonodgy，fatlittleman，Moodywaslikeatryfarmer，TalmageinhisbigcloakwasoslovenlyofmenandonlyBeecherassableinthewayofrefialemanlybearing。Physicalappearananythink，isheiofanaudienielO'ell，theIrishtribune，wasahomely，ugly，awkward，ungainlymahiswordsattractedmillionstohissideandgainedforhimthehostileearoftheBritishParliament，hewasamastereativatehisaudiences。

Itiswordsandtheirplagthatostalloatterhowrefiherrespectsthepersonmaybe，ifheusewlyandexpresshimselfiinaceerstru，hewillrepelyou，whereasthemanwhoplaceshiswordscorredemployslanguageinharmonywiththelawsofgoodspeech，lethimbeeversohumble，willattradhaveaninfluenceoveryou。

Thegoodspeaker，thecorrectspeaker，isalwaysabletoaionanddoorsarethrowohimwhiclosedtoothersnotequippedwithalikefacilityofexpression。Themanwhotalkwellaogoidle。Heisrequiredinnearlyeverywalkoflifeandfieldofhumaheworldwantshimateveryturn。Employersaretlyofoodtalkers，thosewhoareabletoattractthepubliviheforcee。Amanmaybeable，educated，refined，ofuer，helessifhelackthepowertoexpresshimself，putforthhisviewsingoodandappropriatespeechhehastotakeabackseat，whilesomeohmuchlessabilitygetstheopportunitytoetothefrontbecauseheclothehisideasinreadywordsaively。

Youmayagainsaythat，makesamaspeaker?treethisistrue，butitisartthatmakeshimacorrectspeaker，aofluency。Itispossibleforeveryoobeeacorrectspeakerifhewillbutperseverealepainsandcare。

Attheriskofrepetitiongoodadvicemaybehereemphasized:Listespeakersandhewordswhichimpressyoumost。Keepanotebookandjotdownwords，phrases，seareinanywaystrikingoroutoftheordinaryrun。Ifyoudoheexagofawordyouhaveheard，lookitupiionary。Therearemanywords，onyms，whichhavealmostalikesignifievertheless，wheheyexpressdifferentshadesofmeaningandinsomesteadofbeied，arewidelydivergent。Bewareofsuchwords，fimeaniousethemiplaces。

&ocriti'tresentitbutratheriandlookuponthoseasfriendswhopointoutyourdefeorderthatyoumayremedythem。