Section 4 Strategies of Writing Literature Review（第3页）

Referringverbsareusedtosummarizeaer’sideasortoiioer。Forexample:

1。Wilsherarguedthatthesingleplayhadbeeelevisionhistory。

2。Heffernan（1972）foundthatadaptationtoprisonwasfacilitatedby。。。

3。。。。asPeterHuberhasobserved，“Coalitselfisyesterday’slandfill。。。”

&ralverbs:

&horstatedthatidiscussedthatdescribedthatobservedthatfoundthatshoosedthatpoihat（lessformal）。。。

&osummarizetheauthor’sideas，butaddapoiisral）：

&hestedthat（theideaisudirectlyly）offeredaheauthorthinksitmaybetrue，buttheremaybedoubt）。。。

&omovefromootheorshowemphasis（theseverbsmaybefouteherverbsarei）:

&horaddedthat（hor’smainpoi（repanadditionalworthypoieadof“mention”）stressedoremphasized。。。

&oreportanauthument，belieforclaim（theseverbsmaybeieherverbsarei）

&huedthatdedthatmaibelievedthat。。。

&h“extrameaoreportanauthument:

&horclaimedthat（buttheliteraturereviewermayhisclaim）

&（buttheliteraturereviewerisevenlesscedument）

impliedthat（buttheremightbesomethingmissingorthatthestudyhasnotbeenproven）

gaveevide（butitisnotproven）

。。。

Notice：

&rodueone’sopinion，don’tuse“says”，butinsteadanappropriateverbwhichmoreaccuratelyreflectsthisviewpoint，suchas“argues”“claims”or“states”。Usethepresenttensefeneralopinionsahepastwheospecificresearents。

1。AlthoughTrescovick（2uesthatattackisthebestformofdefe（1969）claimsthat。。。

2。IudyongstthehomelessofSydney，Warne（1999）foundthat。。。

Assig

1。GotothelibraryorIofindoneacademioopjournalsinyouraterest，andtheructureoftheliteraturereviewinthepaper。

2。SkimovertheacademicarticletitledFuageAy:UandingItsStatusandInsiders’Awaretitudes（SeeAppendix2）。Studyitsintrodudliteraturereviewpartsthendothefollowingexercises。

（1）Listthestructureofliteraturereviewofthispaper。

（2）Howmanywaysdidtheauthorusetowritethisliteraturereview?plesfromthereviewtoelaborate。

&heelementsprisedinthisliteraturereviewwithdetailedexamples。

&hefollowiomakethepassagehavemorevarietyofpattery2-2formorereferences）。

TheiStificArticles

&stifialwasstartedinLondonin1665。Obviously，thefirststificartiodirectmodelstobuildon，andseveralscholarshavediscussedpossibleinfluences。Ard（1983）suggeststhatthefirstarticlesdevelopedfromthescholarlylettersthatstistswereaedtoseher。Sutherland（1986）showedthatearlyarticleswerealsoihesofthattime。Paradis（1987）declaimedthatthestificbooksofRobertBoylewereanothermodel。Finally，Bazerman（1988）arguedthatdisoiststhemselvesmadeitsowntributionteificarticle。

4。Agtotheresearchtopicyourteaecoursehasassigoyou，writeupaliteraturereviewoopi300words。