Text A The Happy Man（第2页）

1。Mr。Krutch:JosephWoodKrutch（1893-1970），Ameriwriter，dnaturalist。Throughouthislifehewrote35booksaltogether，ingEdgarAllaudyinGenius（1926），TheModernTemper（1929），thies，SamuelJohnson（1944），HenryDavidThoreau（1948），andhisautobiography，MoreLivesThanOne（1962）。Iemper，aworkcriticalofsdteology，hesays，“Oursisalostdthereisnoplaceforusiuraluwearenot，forallthat，sorrytobehuman。Weshouldratherdieasmenthanliveasanimals。”ThisisreferredtobyRussellihequestofHappiness，sayingthat“FormoderhepoiIwishtosiderhasbeehbyMr。JosephWoodKrutabookcalledTheModernTemper。”

2。myth:ahichioexplainsortojustifyreligiousbeliefsorsoetaphoricaluse，itreferstoanythi，fictitiousorunnatural。

3。BoySberofaworldwideanizationofyoungmenandboys，foundedinEnglandin1908，fordevelopingcharacter，ship，andpersoies。Itssloganisto“DoaGoodTurnDaily”。Itsmottoisto“BePrepared”。童子军

4。professionalmoralist:amoralistissomeonewhideasabhtandwrongbehavior，andwhotriestomakeotherpeoplebehaveagtotheseideas。Aprofessionalmoralist，derogatorily，isonewhodependsonmandcriticismforlivelihoodoreveune。

&:ahedonistissomeohathavingpleasureisthemostimportantthinginlife。Hedonismisaschoolofthoughtthatarguesthatpleasureistheprimaryormostimportantintrinsicgood。

&ionsf

1。Russelldisagreeswiththeideathathappinessisimpossiblewithoutaoreiouskind。Towhatextentdoyouagreereewithit?

2。Astherecipeforhappiness，Russellsuggeststhatweshouldavoidself-teredpassions。Doyouthinkhisrecipeisall-inclusive?Whyorwhynot?Ifnot，whatelsedoyouthinkmightalsobeagoodone?

3。“Themanwhoreceivesaffeis，speakingbroadly，themahisparadoxicalstatemeheideagivenbymaers?eanyofthem?

4。Besideswar，Russellmentieaualce。Howwouldyoudefiwo?Pleasegiveexamplestoillustratey。

&huishesgesfromsimulatedones。Inyouropinion，howyoufindorhitupes?

6。Analogy（类比）isaparisoninwhiideaisparedtthatisquitedifferentfromit。Itaimsatexplainingthatideabyparingittosomethingfamiliar。Metaphorsaoolsusedtodrawananalogy。Therefyismoreextensiveaethaherasimileorametaphor。Itismoreofalument。youfindanyanalogyintheessay?

After-readingAssig

OralWork

1。Happinessisalong-standiernthought。Historiyphilosophers，fromAristotletotemptedtodefinehappiness。Doresearchwork，fihreephilosophicalvieiness，andfoilaritiesaheirviews。Thengivea5-miiononittotheclass。

2。Russellbeginstheessaybysaying“Happiness，asisevidelyupoernaldpartlyupononeself”。Discusswithyourclassmatesingroupswhatstitutes“externalpresentyourpointstotheclass。

3。DifferentreligionshavedifferentvieiudyofBuddhism，Judaismandontheissueofhappiness。Shareyswithyourclassmates，givingyourpersohoseviewsaswell。

4。Russellsayshehaswrittenthisbookasahedonist，whoseviewisintrasttoamoralist’s。Doresearchastoinectsthetwodisagreewitheachotheraystotheclass。

WrittenWork

1。Russellthiegratirationofmanwithintheself，aheselfaermiherapersonishappyorunhappy。Thisterpretedinfouraspectsasfolloybecauseofiionwithinhimself;onebehappyforhisunitywithsoaybeunhappyforlackofationwithinhimself;onemaybeunhappybecauseofseparationfromsociety。ongthefourasyourpointofview，andwriteanessayof400wordstoelaborateoofyourayrevisethewofyourthesisstatement。Youshouldprovidetwotothreepoiosupportyourview。

2。Russellclaimsthat“Thehappylifeistoaraordihesameasthegoodlife。”Doyouagreeree?Chooseaposition，aenoutlineofypointswithfurtherillustrations。

&heiforquotationsonhappinessbyphilosophersorwriters，ayoulikebest。Writea300-wordessayonit，givingyouriionsas。

4。Somepeoplethinkthathappinessismaionmaterialwealth，whileothersbelievethathappinessischieflyderivedfromspiritualriess。Whatisyourview?Writea400-wordessaytoextendyourview。