独立宣言 The Declaration of Independence(第1页)
独立宣言TheDeofIndependence
托马斯·杰斐逊ThomasJefferson
托马斯·杰斐逊(1743—1826),生于美国弗吉尼亚州,1762年毕业于威廉与玛丽学院,1767年取得律师资格。杰斐逊于1769年进入殖民地议会,成为反英运动领袖之一。1774年发表的小册子《英属北美权利概要》为杰斐逊的重要作品,文中指出英国国会无权为殖民地制定法律。1775年他随弗吉尼亚代表团出席在费城举行的第二次大陆会议,1776年因起草《独立宣言》而名垂史册。《独立宣言》超越了一时一地的历史特殊意义,成为人类追求自身价值的伟大文献。
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&hesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。
1。unalienable[,?n'eilj?n?bl]adj。(指权利等)不能让与的,不能剥夺的
2。pliance[k?m'pla??ns]n。服从,听从,顺从
3。merary['m?:s?,neri:]adj。雇用的,为钱的,唯利是图的
4。ity[,k?ns?n'gw?n?ti:]n。血亲;同族;密切关系
&heabeesnecessaryforoodissolvethepolitidswhichhaveectedthemwithaoassumeamongthepowersoftheearth,theseparateaiontowhichtheLawsofNatureandodehem,adetrespecttotheopinionsofmahattheyshoulddeclarethecauseswhichimpelthemtotheseparation。
&hesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmeedequal,thattheyareeheirCreatorwithalies,thatamongtheseareLife,LibertyaofHappiosecuretheserights,GoveredamoheirjustpowersfromthetofthegoverwheneveranyFoverbeesdestructiveoftheseends,itistheRightofthePeopletoalterortoabolishit,andtoinstitute,layingitsfoundationonsuditspowersinsu,astothemshallseemmostlikelytoeffecttheirSafetyandHappiness。
Prudendeed,willdictatethatGoversloablishedshouldnotbegedfhtadaglyallexperiehshewn,thatmankindaremoredisposedtosuffer,whileevilsaresufferable,thanthtthemselvesbyabolishiowhichtheyareaed。
ButwhenalongtrainofabusesandusurpatiinvariablythesameobjecesadesighemueDespotism,itistheirright,itistheirduty,tothrowoffsuent,andtoprovidenewGuardsfortheirfuturesecurity。Suchhasbeesufferaheseies;andsuowtheywhistraiertheirformerSystemsofGover。
&oryofthepresentKiain(GeeIII)isahistoryofrepeatedinjuriesandusurpations,allhavitheestablishmentofayraheseStates。Toprovethis,letFactsbesubmittedtoadidworld。
HehasrefusedhisAssenttoLaws,themostwholesomeandnecessaryforthepublicgood。
HehasforbiddeopassLawsofimmediateandpressingimportanlesssuspeheiroperationtillhisAssentshouldbeobtained,andwhensosuspeerlyendtothem。
HehasrefusedtopassotherLawsfortheaodatiedistrictsofpeople,uhosepeoplewouldreliofRepresentatioure,arightihemandformidabletotyrantsonly。
Hehascalledtislativebodiesatplausual,unfortableanddistantfromthedepositoryoftheirpublicRecords,forthesolepurposeoffatiguiopliahhismeasures。
HehasdissolvedRepresentativeHousesrepeatedly,fwithmanlyfirmnesshisinvasiosofthepeople。
Hehasrefusedftime,aftersuchdissolutions,tocauseotherstobeelected;wherebytheLegislativepoableofAnnihilatioothePeopleatlargefortheirexercise;theStateremainiimeexposedtoallthedangersofinvasionfromwithout,andswithin。
Hehaseopreveioes;forthatpurptheLawsforNaturalizatiopassotherstetheirmigrationshither,andraisiionsofneriationsofLands。
&ructedtheAdministrationofJustice,byrefusinghisAssenttoLawsforestablishingJudiciarypowers。
HehasmadeJudgesdepeonhisWillaloheteheiroffidtheamountaheirsalaries。
Hehaserectedamultitudeofnewoffidsenthitherswarmsofofficerstoharassourpeople,aheirsubstance。